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A maid pooped in a pie and made a white lady ate it. 

Trail + EOTD

Brown v Board of Education

After the Supreme Court ruling legalized the segregation of railroad cars. Plessy's case was used to justify segregation, and validate the Jim Crow practices. Everything in society is now a reasonable measure to exclude black citizens from all society, throughout the South and even some in the northern states as well. The "separate but equal" doctrine allowed the legal segregation of African Americans in all ways imaginable by their white lawmakers and it is now legally acceptable through the interpretation of the Constitution thanks to the Supreme Court's decision. 

The Court’s decision stated that separate schools are considered unequal, and unconstitutional, but 14 pages did not say any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools. In the Southern States where racial segregation was deeply entrenched, the reaction to Brown among most white people were stubborn. Many Southern governmental and political leaders embraced a plan known as the “Massive Resistance” which was created by Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd, in order to halt attempts to force them to desegregate their school systems. 

http://projects.leadr.msu.edu/makingmodernus/exhibits/show/plessy-v--ferguson-1896/the-aftermath-of-the-plessy-v- 

Desegregation of schools can lead to massive disorder, being that black children are more susceptible to bullying and this can lead to violence and insecurity 

Also being that Black children are still living in the effects of slavery, it would take some time beofre they were able to compete with white children in the classroom. Black children will also feel very inferior to white students which can lead to a very bad self esteem. 

The constitution did NOT require black students and white students to attend the same school

Social separation of black and whites was a regional custom, that being said states should be left free to regulate their own social affairs. 

Whites were so far ahead on education from blacks, that blacks needed more time to catch up to white students. Putting white students in the same classrooms as black students meant two things: White students would be held back from learning further, and black students would not understand the concepts that white students were learning due to how far behind they were. Keep in mind, many blacks during this time still didn’t know how to read properly or write, so they needed special education to learn this. Majority of whites already knew how to do these things. 

Historically, whites were, and always had been, more ahead and superior in their education. It was going to take years, decades even, for blacks to catch up. For example, the first black public high school was Paul Laurence Dunbar High, created in 1870. The first African American student to graduate college was in 1890, from Bowdoin College.  The first public school in America was known as the Boston Latin School, built in 1635. This goes to show how far ahead whites were on their education. 

Mode of Morality

Desegregation of schools can lead to massive disorder, being that black children are more susceptible to bullying and this can lead to violence and insecurity 

Also being that Black children are still living in the effects of slavery, it would take some time before they were able to compete with white children in the classroom. Black children will also feel very inferior to white students which can lead to a very bad self esteem. 

The constitution did NOT require black students and white students to attend the same school

Social separation of black and whites was a regional custom, that being said states should be left free to regulate their own social affairs.

Wilmington Insurrection

 A fire broke out on the morning of November 10, 1898 in Wilmington, North Carolina, this was the beginning of an assault that spread seven blocks east of Cape Fear River. By the end of the day manly’s newspaper had been torched and 60 people had been murdered. The local government that was elected two days prior had been overthrown and replaced by white supremacist. This massacre is known to be a turning point in post-reconstruction in North Carolina politics. The insurrection initiated an era of more severe racial segregation which put many African Americans deeper in their grave. Many believe what happened in North Carolina became an affirmation of white supremacy, not just in North Carolina but in the country as a whole. 

Gone with the wind

On friday's class we watched a part of the film Gone with the wind. This movie is set around the civil war and the the life of Scarlet O'Hara who is the southern belle during all the ongoing issues going on in the United States during this time period. This film has constantly been on blast for the way the slaves were portrayed. For example, the film makes the slaves seem dumb and helpless. Personally I feel as if I cannot be offended for it is not my place to talk about the suffering of African Americans. I firmly believe that history should not be re written and should be portrayed as unjust and inhumane to make sure history does not repeat itself. Being that the film was made in the 1930's it is normal for people not to be treated equal, censoring this would have made slavery look like it was not a big deal. I do not know how it feels to be systematically oppressed so with that being said I believe that censorship in these certain circumstances to show the evils of slavery. 

State v mann

A slave owner was punishing their slave with a beating. During this beating Lydia attempted to run, during this attempted evade of escape Mann had shot Lydia in the back. This case went to Supreme Court and the final decision was that the master was not liable to an indictment for the battery committed upon his slave. Many different arguments or modes have been argued. The different modes that was argued upon many throughout many years has been religion, through law and southern economics. The legal argument stated that he was acting just because Lydia was his property. No legal problems can be brought up because during this time a slave was their masters property. Another argument was religion, this was deeply rooted in the south. In many different bible verses slavery is seen to be moral and just by God. This had led to many things to just be moral in the south. For example in the Ten commandments slavery was mentioned twice, showing that God was complicit with it. Finally the last mode of argument is the economic factor of the south during this time. Slavery lifted the southern economically drastically and without the it the country could go into economic downfall.  The final decision of the case was that Mann was returned his money with no economic or physical punishment.

3 events in history that provided a pro slavery action 

1) The fugitive slave act

The first main act was passed in 1793 giving local governing bodies the authority to recapture and return these people. 

2) The Missouri Compromise of 1820

 an effort to preserve the balance of power in Congress between slave and free states

3) Battle of Fort Sumter 

The Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12–13, 1861) was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina by the South Carolina militia (the Confederate Army did not yet exist), and the return gunfire and subsequent surrender by the United States Army, that started the American Civil War.

Anti slavery

Pennsylvania Society for the Petition of Slavery 

Nat Turner's Slave Rebellion 

Emancipation Proclamtion 

https://ugeb.pw/ucjbddygiw.pdf

Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson stated in the Declaration of Independence that "all men are created equal", yet he enslaved over 200 people throughout the course of his life. Although Jefferson was publicly against slavery, calling it "moral depravity" he strongly believed that slavery was presented as the greatest threat to the survival to the new nation of America. Yes, Jefferson had greatly profited from the institution of slavery. In his notes on the State of Virginia Jefferson wrote that he suspected that black people were inferior to white people. During Jefferson's life time he had freed 2 slaves, he wrote in a letter to Edward Coles. Edward was a virginia planter who supported the aboilistonst movement.

Born- april 13, 1743

3rd president of the US

founding father 

slave owner 

Early in his public life, Jefferson was one of the first statesmen anywhere to take action to end slavery.

I am Thomas Jefferson, I was born on april 13, 1743. Being a founding father I had wrote in the declaration of independece that "all men are created equal". I was pupically against slavery calling it a "moral depravity", i strongly belive that slavery was presented as the greatest threat to the new nation of america. In my notes on the state of virginia that i suspected that black people were inferior to the whites.

https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/thomas-jefferson/

Frederick Dougless Statue

The questions that are being bought up about the recent destruction of the Frederick Douglass statue are very valid. It is unclear if there is any political motive with this destruction due to the climate in America during the BLM movement. Personally I do believe that this vandalism was a hate crime because of the recent destruction of the Alexandria Statue removed by BLM protesters, this enraged many southerners because their history  has been destroyed or erased. I also personally believe that all these issues being brought up in our nation are finally happening. As a white man I have no say in what people of color have felt in their entire existence in the United States. Being the only caucasian in a high school in manhattan I have seen racism first hand. America is not a good place for a person of color and being that a black dad has to teach his son how to slowly raise his hands in a protocol traffic stop is not an America that I want to be living in.

. 

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/frederick-douglass

Glory

In the movie Glory by Edward Zwick, portrays the systematic racism in the United States more specifically during the Civil War. Robert Gould Shaw was an officer in the Union army, he was born into a prominent Boston abolitionist family, he accepted command of the first all-black regiment in the Northeast. Throughout the movie the white confederate and racist America was at its finest. For example through the training of the 54th Massachusetts seeing the fierce and family like aspect the regiment had together was an indicator that they would be the next big fighting force for the Union army. The racist superior officers did not allow them to fight even thought it would most likely build the union's army. This systematic racism even in the military has shown the true racism in its roots. This time period was a very difficult time in the United States and the fight for civil rights has just begun. 

Supreme Court Post

The Supreme Court is the highest court in the federal judiciary system United States of America. The court consist of nine Justices which are appointed by the President and confirmed by the United States Senate. This court plays a large roll in the Justice system in our nation, it plays as a final arbiter of the law. Justices scan through 7,000 cases a year and carefully choses 100-150 cases. When the case is chosen the Justices focus on one main issue and expands on the issue at hand. 

The Supreme court has handled some of the issues most pressing issues. When the Justices have a vast different in opinion it is most likely to be hard to come to a final decision. The court protects individual civil right and liberties. This is done by sticking down any unconstitutional action. Without the Supreme Court the United States would have many unconstitutional crimes being committed without a set of people to make sure our liberties are being protected. Judicial Review is review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act. Without this the court would lose the label of being the most dangerous branch and only act as an advisor for the other 2 branches. 

As a citizen of the United States I personally think that without the Supreme Court the country would be at shambles. The most unconstitutional crimes would be committed and without anyone to get a closer look at these cases we would not prosper.

https://www.uscourts.gov › about-educational-outreach › activity-resources